Turkey
Capital: Ankara
Currency: Turkish Lira- TRY
Turkey Labor Law and Employment Policy Overview
Employment Law Overview
- Key Laws and Regulations:
- Turkish Labor Law
- Social Security Law
- Trade Union Law
- Legal Characteristics:
- Aims to protect employee rights and promote workplace harmony.
- Stipulates minimum wages, working hours, vacations, and social security benefits.
Employment Contract Requirements
- Contract Types:
- Fixed-term contracts (not exceeding two years)
- Indefinite-term contracts
- Contractual Provisions:
- Must include clauses on job description, remuneration, working hours, vacations, and termination conditions.
- Language and Currency:
- Contracts must be written in Turkish and use the Turkish Lira as the currency.
Working Time Regulations
- Standard Working Hours: 45 hours per week
- Rest Days and Breaks: Minimum of 24 hours of rest per week and 11 hours of rest after each workday.
Vacation Policy
- Annual Leave:
- 1-5 years of service: 14 days
- 5-15 years of service: 20 days
- 15+ years of service: 26 days
- Public Holidays: 14
- Special Leaves:
- Sick leave: 1 week paid
- Maternity leave: 16 weeks paid (extended to 18 weeks for multiple births or complications)
- Paternity leave: 5 days paid
- Parental leave: Both parents can opt for part-time work until the child starts primary school
Employee Severance and Contract Termination
- Notice Period: 2-8 weeks, depending on years of service.
- Severance Pay: One month's salary for each year of service.
- Unfair Dismissal Protection: Employers must have just cause to dismiss employees with more than 6 months of service.
Tax Laws
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Personal Income Tax:
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Salary Range (TRY) Tax Rate 0 - 32,000 15% 32,000 - 70,000 20% 70,000 - 250,000 27% 250,000 - 800,000 35% 800,000 and above 40%
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Social Security Contributions:
- Employee: 9%
- Employer: 11%
Health Insurance
- Insurance Policy: All employees must participate in the national health insurance scheme.
- Coverage: Includes medical, dental, and vision care.
Compensation and Benefits
- Minimum Wage: TRY 10,008 per month
- Compensation Structure: Typically includes base salary, bonuses, and allowances.
Work Permits and Visas
- Permit Requirement: Non-Turkish citizens require a work permit to work in Turkey.
- Application Process: Apply through Turkish embassies or consulates or the Turkish Ministry of Labor and Social Security.
Confidentiality and Non-Compete Clauses
- Enforceability: Confidentiality and non-compete clauses are enforceable in Turkey.
- Common Provisions: Typically include clauses prohibiting the disclosure of confidential information and working for competitors for a certain period.
Training and Development
- Legal Requirements: Employers must provide safety training and professional development opportunities to employees.
- Government Support: Government provides training programs and subsidies to support employee development.
Workplace Diversity and Inclusion
- Legal Requirements: Discrimination based on gender, race, religion, or disability is prohibited.
- Enforcement Measures: Government agencies are responsible for investigating and enforcing anti-discrimination laws.
Remote Work Policy
- Legal Framework: Remote work is legally recognized in Turkey.
- Tax and Insurance Implications: Tax and social security implications of remote work vary depending on the specific situation.
Authoritative Website Addresses
- Turkish Ministry of Labor and Social Security: https://www.issekur.gov.tr/