Slovakia
Capital: Bratislava
Currency: Euro- EUR
Overview of Labor Law and Employment Policies in Slovakia
Employment Law Overview
- Key Legislation:
- Labor Code (Zákonník práce)
- Social Insurance Act (Zákon o sociálnom poistení)
- Health Insurance Act (Zákon o zdravotnom poistení)
- Legal Characteristics:
- Aims to protect the rights and interests of employees
- Sets minimum standards for employment contracts, working hours, vacations, dismissals, and severance
Employment Contract Requirements
- Contract Types:
- Indefinite contracts
- Fixed-term contracts (maximum of two years)
- Contractual Provisions:
- Job description
- Place of work
- Start date of employment
- Amount and payment schedule of wages
- Other benefits and allowances (if applicable)
- Language and Currency:
- Contracts must be in Slovak
- Wages must be paid in euros
Working Time Regulations
- Standard Working Hours: 40 hours per week
- Rest Days and Breaks:
- Minimum of 24 hours of rest per week
- Minimum of 30 minutes break for workdays exceeding 6 hours
Vacation Policy
- Annual Leave:
- 20 days (standard)
- 25 days for those over 33 years old
- 32 days for hazardous or demanding work
- 32 days for parents
- Public Holidays: 15
- Special Leaves:
- Sick leave: 10 days with pay
- Maternity leave: 34 weeks (37 weeks for single mothers)
- Paternity leave: 28 weeks (if mother does not take maternity leave or parental allowance)
- Parental leave: Up to 3 years of age of the child
Employee Dismissal and Contract Termination
- Notice Period:
- Less than 1 year of employment: 1 month
- 1-5 years of employment: 2 months
- Over 5 years of employment: 3 months
- Severance Pay:
- 1-5 years of employment: 1 month's salary
- 5-10 years of employment: 2 months' salary
- Protection Against Unfair Dismissal:
- Employers must provide a valid reason for dismissing an employee
- Employees have the right to appeal unfair dismissals
Taxation
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Personal Income Tax:
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Salary Range (EUR) Tax Rate 0 - 37,163.36 19% 37,163.36 and above 25%
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Social Insurance Contributions:
- Employer: 25.2%
- Employee: 13.4%
Health Insurance
- Insurance Policy:
- All employees must participate in the national health insurance scheme
- Insurance Coverage:
- Basic healthcare services
Compensation and Benefits
- Minimum Wage: €580 per month
- Salary Structure:
- Base salary
- Bonuses
- Allowances
Work Permits and Visas
- Permit Requirements:
- Non-EU citizens from outside the EU/EEA require a work permit
- Application Process:
- Application made by the employer to the Ministry of Labor, Social Affairs, and Family
Confidentiality and Non-Compete Clauses
- Enforceability:
- Confidentiality and non-compete clauses are enforceable in Slovakia
- Common Provisions:
- Protection of employer's trade secrets
- Restriction on employees working for competitors after leaving employment
Training and Development
- Legal Requirements:
- Employers must provide safety training and opportunities for skill enhancement to employees
- Government Support:
- Government funding for training and development programs
Workplace Diversity and Inclusion
- Legal Requirements:
- Prohibition of discrimination based on race, gender, religion, or other protected characteristics
- Enforcement Measures:
- Employers must develop and implement anti-discrimination policies
Remote Work Policies
- Legal Framework:
- Remote work is legally recognized in Slovakia
- Tax and Insurance Implications:
- Tax and social insurance implications of remote work depend on specific circumstances
Authoritative Website Addresses
- Ministry of Labor, Social Affairs, and Family of the Slovak Republic: https://www.employment.gov.sk/