Costa Rica Labor Law and Employment Policies Overview

Employment Law Overview

• Key Legislation:
  • Labor Code
  • Social Security Law
  • Occupational Health and Safety Law
• Legal Characteristics:
  • Aimed at protecting employee rights and benefits
  • Sets standards for minimum wage, working hours, vacations, and severance pay

Employment Contract Requirements

• Contract Types:
  • Fixed-term contracts (maximum one year)
  • Indefinite-term contracts
• Contract Provisions:
  • Must include job description, compensation, working hours, vacations, etc.
• Language and Currency:
  • Contracts must be written in Spanish
  • Currency is Costa Rican colón (CRC)

Working Hours Regulations

• Standard Work Hours: 48 hours per week
• Rest Days and Breaks:
  • Minimum of one rest day per week
  • One-hour break after 8 hours of work per day

Vacation Policy

• Annual Leave:
  • 14 days of paid annual leave after 50 weeks of work
  • One day of paid leave per month for less than 50 weeks of work
• Public Holidays: 13
• Special Leaves:
  • Sick leave: 50% salary paid by employer for first 3 days, 60% by Social Security from day 4
  • Maternity leave: 4 months paid leave, 1 month prenatal, 3 months postnatal
  • Paternity leave: 8 days of paid leave for public sector employees

Employee Severance and Contract Termination

• Notice Period:
  • 3-6 month contracts: 1 week
  • 6-12 month contracts: 2 weeks
  • 1+ year contracts: 1 month
• Severance Pay:
  • 7-22 days of salary, depending on years of service
• Protection Against Unfair Dismissal:
  • Employees may be entitled to severance pay for unfair dismissal

Tax Laws

• Personal Income Tax:

  • Salary Range (CRC)	Tax Rate
    0 - 863,000	0%
    863,000 - 1,267,000	10%
    1,267,000 - 2,223,000	15%
    2,223,000 - 4,445,000	20%
    4,445,000 and above	25%

• Social Security Contributions:

  • Employee: 9.5% of salary
  • Employer: 34.5% of salary

Health Insurance

• Insurance Policy:
  • Public health insurance funded by Social Security contributions
• Coverage:
  • Basic healthcare services

Compensation and Benefits

• Minimum Wage: Varies by industry
• Compensation Structure:
  • Salary, bonuses, allowances, etc.

Work Permits and Visas

• Permit Requirements:
  • Foreign employees require a work permit and residency permit
• Application Process:
  • Employer applies to the General Directorate of Immigration and Foreigners

Confidentiality and Non-Compete Clauses

• Enforceability:
  • Enforceable, but must be reasonable and not unduly restrict employee's employment opportunities
• Common Provisions:
  • Keeping business information confidential
  • Not working for competitors for a certain period

Training and Development

• Legal Requirements:
  • Safety training, skills development, etc.
• Government Support:
  • Policies to fund or encourage employer-provided training

Workplace Diversity and Inclusion

• Legal Requirements:
  • Prohibits discrimination based on race, gender, religion, etc.
• Enforcement:
  • Government agencies responsible for enforcing anti-discrimination laws

Remote Work Policies

• Legal Framework:
  • Remote work is permitted, but must comply with labor laws
• Tax and Insurance Implications:
  • Remote work may impact tax and social security contributions

Authoritative Website Addresses

• Costa Rican Ministry of Labor and Social Security: https://www.mtss.go.cr/